Ku bigo by’ubucuruzi bya bateri za EV n’abaguzi bakorera ku masoko mpuzamahanga, kubahiriza amategeko ni "itegeko ryo kwiyemeza cyangwa kureka gukoresha." Muri 2024, amahame agenga mu Burayi, muri Amerika no mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya akomeje gukazwa - ibicuruzwa bitujuje ibisabwa bihura n’ingaruka kuva ku bihumbi mirongo by’amayero/amadolari mu bihano no gufunga imizigo kugeza ku kwirukanwa burundu ku isoko. Iyi nyandiko isobanura ibisabwa biheruka ku byangombwa bya EU CE/UN38.3, US UL, na Aziya y’uburasirazuba bw’uburasirazuba, igaragaza ingaruka zishobora guterwa n’imanza nyazo, kandi ikubiyemo urutonde rw’ibisabwa kugira ngo bigufashe kunyura mu masoko yo mu karere neza.
I. Imiburo y'ingenzi: Kunanirwa kubahiriza amategeko nyayo tugomba kwigiraho
Iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko agenga bateri za EV ryarushijeho kwiyongera ku isi mu 2024. Ibi bintu nyabyo ni iby’ingenzi ku bakora mu nganda:
- Urubanza rw'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi: Kohereza bateri mu Budage kw'umukozi wakoze batiri byafatiwe i Hamburg Port kubera kutubahiriza isuzumabumenyi ry’ubuzima bwa BMS rivuguruye muri EN 62133-2:2017 no kutagira Raporo y’Isesengura ry’Ubushyuhe mu Ngabo (TRA). Iyi sosiyete yahanishijwe amande y’amayero 200.000, hamwe n’ikiguzi kinini cyo kubika no kohereza ibicuruzwa mu bubiko, bigatuma igihombo cyose kirenga miliyoni 1 z’ama-ruble.
- Urubanza rwa Amerika: Umucuruzi wo muri California yatumije bateri za e-scooter zitujuje ibisabwa bishya byo gusuzuma ifishi muri UL 2272 2nd Edition. Abashinzwe kugenzura bashyizeho amande y'amadolari 150.000 ndetse bategeka ko ibicuruzwa byagurishijwe bisubizwa burundu, byangiza cyane icyizere cy'ikirango.
- Icyitonderwa cya Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba: Hari ikigo cyohereje bateri za EV muri Tayilande gifite ibyangombwa mpuzamahanga gusa ariko nta cyemezo cya TISI cyo muri ako gace. Umuzigo wafatiwe ku cyambu cya Bangkok. Nyuma y'amezi 3 y'ibyemezo by'inyongera n'amande ya baht 800.000 zo muri Tayilande, ibyo bicuruzwa byararekuwe—bibura igiciro cyo kugurisha kandi bitakaza kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibyo byatumijwe.
Icyitonderwa: Kuyubahiriza amategeko si "ikiguzi cy'inyongera" ahubwo ni "ingamba zo kwinjira ku isoko." Mu 2024, uturere twose twashyizeho ibisabwa birambuye bishya - ibyemezo bishaje cyangwa "gukoresha inzira y'ubusamo" ntibigikora!
II. Kwinjira mu Karere mu buryo bwimbitse: Ibisabwa biheruka byubahirizwa mu 2024 (Ibisabwa ku bacuruzi/abaguzi)
Ibyo gushyira mu bikorwa by'ingenzi biratandukanye bitewe n'uturere. Dore amakuru y'ingenzi avugururwa mu 2024 kugira ngo wite ku myiteguro yawe neza:
(1) EU: CE + UN38.3 nk'ishingiro, BMS nshya n'amabwiriza yo gushakisha amashanyarazi
Kugera ku isoko ry’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bishingiye ku cyemezo cya CE (harimo EN 62133) n’icyemezo cya UN 38.3 cyo gutwara abantu. Ivugurura rya 2024 ryibanda cyane ku mikorere ya BMS n’umutekano w’ubushyuhe:
- EN 62133-2: 2017 (CE Core Core): Ubu itegeka isuzuma ry'ubuzima bwa BMS ku bateri za lithium-ion zigendanwa. Ibicuruzwa bigomba gutsinda ibizamini 7 by'ingenzi: gusharija amasaha 7 ku muvuduko wa 1.4x, gusohora umwuka uhoraho, kurwanya ubushyuhe bwa 130°C, nibindi. Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe bugomba kuba ≥5MΩ—igipimo cyo gutsindwa kigera kuri 75% niba iki gipimo kitujuje ibisabwa.
- Umuryango w’Abibumbye 38.3 (Ni ngombwa mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu): Isuzuma ryavuguruwe ryo mu 2023 ryongeyeho "ikizamini cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe," kidasaba ko hakwirakwizwa uturemangingo twegeranye mu masaha 24 niba ingirabuzimafatizo imwe ikoze nabi. Ririmo kandi ibizamini 8 by'ingenzi: gupima ubutumburuke bw'amasaha 6 kuri 11.6kPa, gutigita mu masaha 3, ingaruka z'umuraba wa 150G/6ms, nibindi.
- Inama y'inzobere: Itegeko rishya ry’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi rigenga bateri (EU) 2023/1542 rizashyira mu bikorwa imenyekanisha ry’ibipimo bya karuboni mu 2025. Tangira gukusanya amakuru ajyanye n’ibyo utanga ubu kugira ngo wirinde ko ibintu bihungabana ku munota wa nyuma. Ubusanzwe icyemezo kimara ibyumweru 12-16 (ibyumweru 8 kugira ngo serivisi yihutishwe, hamwe n’ikiguzi cy’inyongera cya 40%)—teganya igihe cyo gutegura gahunda.
(2) Amerika: Icyemezo cya UL ntigishobora kuganirwaho, Amavugurura ya 2024
Amerika ishyiraho amategeko akaze ku bateri za EV, cyane cyane ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi byigenga. UL 2272 niyo mpamyabumenyi y'ibanze, hamwe n'amavugurura y'ingenzi mu gitabo cyayo cya kabiri cyo muri Mata 2024:
- Impinduka z'ingenzi za UL 2272 mu cyiciro cya kabiri: Ibisabwa ku gice cy’imashini zikoresha bateri cyavuguruwe, isuzuma rishya rya seal na gasket, amahame asobanutse yo kwirinda inkongi y’umuriro ku bikoresho bitari iby’icyuma, ibisobanuro bishya bya charger, amabwiriza mashya yo gushyiramo ibimenyetso byo hanze, hamwe n’uburyo bwo gupima no gupima amazi nyuma yo gupima (byemerera ko amazi asohoka nyuma yo gupima).
- Aho biherereye: Ikora ku buryo bwo gutwara imodoka, uburyo bwa bateri, n'ibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano na bwo ku bikoresho by'amashanyarazi byo kwimuka (urugero, e-scooters). Yibanda ku mutekano w'amashanyarazi n'ibyago by'ingufu, ntabwo yibanda ku ngaruka zo gukoresha amashanyarazi.
- Ibiranga Akarere: California isaba ko amabwiriza yo kongera gukoresha batiri za CalRecycle yubahirizwa. Menya neza ko ibicuruzwa bihuye n'amahame yavuzwe muri UL 62133 kugira ngo hirindwe icyemezo cyuzuye.
(3) Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba: Nta mahame shingiro—Impamyabushobozi zo mu gace ni ingenzi
Ibihugu byo muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba nta rwego rumwe rw'amategeko ruhari; ibyemezo by'ibanze byo mu gihugu ni ingenzi kugira ngo isoko rigere kuri:
- Tayilande: Icyemezo cya TISI gisabwa, gisaba ibizamini by’umutekano ku bijyanye n’amashanyarazi, umuriro, ubushyuhe, n’amashanyarazi magufi. Icyemezo kimara ibyumweru 4-6, hakenewe inyandiko za tekiniki zo mu rurimi rw’Igitayilandi.
- Indoneziya: Icyemezo cya SNI ni ingenzi, gikubiyemo umutekano n'imikorere ya batiri. Isuzuma rigomba gukorerwa muri laboratwari zo mu gace kabigenewe, hagasabwa igenzura ry'uruganda.
- Maleziya: Icyemezo cya SIRIM, gihuye n'amahame ya IEC ajyanye nacyo. Ibicuruzwa bigomba gutsinda igenzura ry'ubuziranenge bw'aho biherereye, hamwe n'igihe gisanzwe cyo kwemeza ibyumweru 3-5.
- Vietnam: Icyemezo cya QCVN (amategeko y'igihugu agenga tekiniki) ku mutekano wa bateri. Ibipimo by'ingenzi birimo kongera gusharija, gufunga umurongo mugufi, no kudashyuha cyane.
III. Urutonde rw'ibipimo by'iyubahirizwa ry'amategeko (Ku bigo n'abaguzi)
1. Gutegura mbere yo kohereza
- Genzura ko ibyemezo bihuye n'uturere twibanzweho (urugero, CE/UN38.3 kuri EU, UL 2272 kuri Amerika, TISI/SNI kuri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba).
- Shaka raporo z'ibizamini bivuguruye bivuye muri laboratwari zemewe n'abandi (wirinde raporo zarangiye cyangwa zitazwi).
- Gukusanya inyandiko zijyanye n'akarere runaka (urugero, amadosiye ya tekiniki yo muri Tayilande yo muri Tayilande, amakuru yerekeye ibyangiritse mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi mbere y’uko bikurikizwa).
2. Kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry'ibicuruzwa
- Emeza ko BMS yujuje ibisabwa ku buzima bw'uruziga rw'akarere n'ubushyuhe.
- Reba uburyo bwo kwirinda gushyushya (≥5MΩ) n'uburyo bwo gufunga (kuri UL 2272 Edition ya 2 kuri US).
- Menya neza ko bihuye n'amabwiriza yo kwishyuza hamwe n'amahame y'umutekano yo mu gace utuyemo.
3. Ubuyobozi bw'inyuma yo gutanga impamyabushobozi
- Gukurikirana amakuru ajyanye n'amategeko (urugero, itegeko ry'Umuryango w'Ubumwe bw'u Burayi ryo mu 2025 ryo kugabanya karuboni) no kuvugurura ibyemezo byihutirwa.
- Gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mu kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa.
- Fatanya n'abakozi bo mu gace utuyemo kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku miterere y'amategeko agenga akarere (ingenzi muri Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba).
IV. ULi Power: Umufatanyabikorwa wawe wizewe wo kubahiriza amategeko ku masoko mpuzamahanga
ULi Power ikora ibijyanye na bateri za EV ziteguye ku isi hose, hamwe n'ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa na EU CE/UN38.3, US UL 2272, hamwe n'ibyemezo bya TISI/SNI/SIRIM/QCVN byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bw'Aziya. Ibyiza byacu by'ingenzi birimo:
- Ubuhanga mu Karere: Amatsinda y’abihaye Imana akurikirana amakuru ajyanye n’amabwiriza yo mu 2024 kugira ngo arebe ko ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa bigezweho.
- Isuzumabumenyi ryemewe: Ibicuruzwa byose bikorerwa isuzuma ry’abantu ba gatatu muri laboratwari zemewe, hamwe n’inyandiko zuzuye zitangwa.
- Inkunga kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera: Kuva ku kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mbere yo kohereza ibicuruzwa kugeza ku bufasha bwo gutanga ibyangombwa mu gace, tworoshya kwinjira ku isoko.
Twandikire kugira ngo ubone ubufasha mu kubahiriza amategeko
Waba ugamije EU, Amerika, cyangwa Aziya y'Amajyepfo y'Uburasirazuba, ULi Power ishobora guhindura uburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo kugira ngo ihuze n'ibisabwa n'amategeko agenga akarere. Vugana uyu munsi kugira ngo wirinde ingorane zo kubahiriza amategeko no kwihutisha kwaguka kw'isoko ryawe.
Imeri yo kubaza:info@uli-power.com
Hamagara: +86 18565703627
Urubuga:www.uli-power.com
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2026
