Bitewe n'umuraba wo kutagira karuboni ikoreshwa mu gutwara amashanyarazi no gushyira amashanyarazi mu binyabiziga, Uburayi, igihugu gisanzwe gikoresha ingufu mu nganda z'imodoka, bwabaye ahantu sosiyete z'Abashinwa zikoresha ingufu zituruka mu mahanga zikunze kwitabwaho bitewe n'izamuka ryihuse ry'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ndetse n'ubukene bukomeye bw'izikoresha ingufu zituruka mu binyabiziga. Nk'uko amakuru yatanzwe na SNE Research abigaragaza, kuva mu gihembwe cya kane cya 2022, kugurisha imodoka zikoresha ingufu zituruka mu Burayi byariyongereye cyane kandi bigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mateka. Mu gice cya mbere cya 2023, ibihugu 31 by'i Burayi byabonye imodoka zitwara abagenzi miliyoni 1.419, ubwiyongere bw'umwaka ku kigero cya 26.8%, kandi igipimo cy'ubwiyongere bw'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ni 21.5%. Uretse ibihugu byo mu majyaruguru y'Uburayi bifite igipimo cyo hejuru cy'ubwiyongere bw'imodoka zikoresha ingufu zituruka mu binyabiziga, ibihugu bikomeye by'i Burayi bihagarariwe n'Ubudage, Ubufaransa n'Ubwongereza nabyo byagize ikibazo cy'ubwiyongere bw'ibiciro ku isoko.
Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko inyuma y’iterambere ryihuse ry’isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Burayi hari itandukaniro riri hagati y’ubukene bukomeye bw’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bya bateri zikoresha ingufu n’iterambere rikomeje kugabanuka ry’inganda zikoresha bateri zikoresha ingufu mu Burayi. Iterambere ry’isoko ry’ibinyabiziga bikoresha ingufu mu Burayi rirasaba “ibintu bigabanya imikorere”.
Igitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije ku bidukikije gishingiye ku butaka kirakomeye mu mitima y'abaturage, kandi imodoka nshya z'ingufu zo mu Burayi zirimo gutera imbere vuba.
Kuva mu 2020, imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu zibanda ku kubungabunga ibidukikije no kurengera ibidukikije zagize iterambere rikomeye ku isoko ry’i Burayi. Cyane cyane mu gihembwe cya kane cy’umwaka ushize, kugurisha imodoka zikoresha ingufu zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Burayi byariyongereye cyane kandi bigera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu mateka.
Izamuka ryihuta ry’ibicuruzwa by’imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu ryatumye habaho gukenera cyane bateri zikoresha ingufu, ariko inganda zikoresha bateri zikoresha ingufu z’i Burayi zitinda guhaza iki cyifuzo. Impamvu nyamukuru ituma inganda zikoresha bateri zikoresha ingufu z’i Burayi zitinda ni uko ikoranabuhanga ry’imodoka zikoresha lisansi rimaze igihe kinini. Amasosiyete asanzwe acuruza imodoka yariye inyungu zose mu gihe cya lisansi. Imitekerereze yashyizweho iragoye kuyihindura igihe gito, kandi nta mpamvu n’ubushake bwo guhinduka ku nshuro ya mbere.
Ikibazo cyo kubura bateri z'amashanyarazi mu Burayi cyakemurwa gute?
Mu gihe kizaza, ni gute wakemura ikibazo? Uwuhagaritse ikibazo nta kabuza azaba afite igihe cya Ningde. CATL ni ikigo gikomeye ku isi mu gukora bateri zikoresha ingufu kandi kiri ku mwanya wa mbere mu bushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, inganda, guhindura karubone nta karubone, no guteza imbere ibidukikije.
Ku bijyanye n'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, kugeza ku ya 30 Kamena 2023, CATL yari ifite kandi yari irimo gusaba uburenganzira bwo gupakira patenti zigera ku 22.039 mu gihugu no mu mahanga. Mu 2014, Ningde Times yashinze ishami ryayo ryigenga mu Budage, German Times, kugira ngo ihuze umutungo mwiza wo mu gihugu kugira ngo ihurize hamwe ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya bateri zikoresha ingufu. Mu 2018, ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere cya Erfurt cyongeye kubakwa mu Budage kugira ngo gitere imbere udushya n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rya bateri zikoresha ingufu.
Mu bijyanye n'umusaruro n'inganda, CATL ikomeje kunoza ubushobozi bwayo bukabije bwo gukora kandi ifite inganda ebyiri zonyine zo mu nganda zikora amatara mu nganda zikora amabati. Dukurikije amakuru yemewe ya CATL, igipimo cyo gutsindwa kwa bateri z'amashanyarazi nacyo cyageze ku rwego rwa PPB, ari na kimwe gusa kuri miliyari. Ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gukora bushobora gutanga bateri nziza kandi ihamye yo gukora imodoka nshya zikora ingufu mu Burayi. Muri icyo gihe, CATL yubatse inganda zikora imiti mu Budage no muri Hongiriya kugira ngo ihuze neza n'iterambere ry'imodoka nshya zikora ingufu mu gihugu no gufasha inzira y'amashanyarazi mu Burayi no mu bigo bitwara imodoka nshya zikora ingufu mu gihugu kujya mu mahanga.
Ku bijyanye no guhindura karubone ntarengwa, CATL yashyize ahagaragara ku mugaragaro "ingamba zayo za zero-karubone" muri Mata uyu mwaka, itangaza ko izagera ku ntego zo kutagira karubone mu bikorwa by'ingenzi bitarenze 2025 n'inyungu za karubone zitarengwa mu ruhererekane rw'agaciro bitarenze 2035. Kuri ubu, CATL ifite inganda ebyiri zikorera hamwe n'imwe ihuriweho n'ibigo bitanga bateri zitarengwa ntarengwa. Umwaka ushize, imishinga irenga 400 yo kuzigama ingufu yatejwe imbere, aho karubone yagabanutseho toni 450.000, kandi igipimo cy'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi arengera ibidukikije cyariyongereye kigera kuri 26.60%. Dushobora kuvuga ko mu bijyanye no guhindura karubone ntarengwa, CATL imaze ku mwanya wa mbere ku isi mu bijyanye n'intego z'ingenzi n'uburambe bufatika.
Muri icyo gihe, ku isoko ry’i Burayi, CATL inaha abakiriya garanti y’igihe kirekire, serivisi zo mu gace runaka nyuma yo kugurisha binyuze mu kubaka imiyoboro yo mu gace hamwe n’ibicuruzwa byiza, imikorere myiza na serivisi nziza, ibyo bikaba byaranatumye ubukungu bw’aho buherereye butera imbere.
Dukurikije amakuru ya SNE Research, mu gice cya mbere cya 2023, ubushobozi bwa bateri nshya ku isi bwo gushyiraho ingufu bwari 304.3GWh, ubwiyongere bwa 50.1% ugereranyije n'umwaka; mu gihe CATL yari ifite 36.8% by'isoko mpuzamahanga, aho igipimo cy'izamuka ry'umwaka kigera kuri 56.2%, ikaba ari yo yonyine ku isi ikora bateri ifite isoko rinini cyane ikomeje kuguma ku mwanya wayo wa mbere mu ikoreshwa rya bateri ku isi. Bikekwa ko bitewe n'ubukene bukomeye bwa bateri z'amashanyarazi ku isoko ry'imodoka nshya z'ingufu mu Burayi, ubucuruzi bwa CATL mu mahanga buzabona iterambere rikomeye mu gihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 20 Nzeri 2023
