Igipimo cy’ibura rya bateri ya lithiamu-iyoni ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zagabanutse cyane mu myaka yashize. Ibiro bishinzwe ikoranabuhanga ry’imodoka bya Minisiteri y’Ingufu muri Amerika biherutse gushyira ahagaragara raporo y’ubushakashatsi yitwa “Ubushakashatsi Bushya: Bateri y’imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi imara igihe kingana iki?” Yashyizwe ahagaragara na Recurrent, raporo igaragaza ko amakuru agaragaza ko ubwizigame bwa bateri za EV bwateye imbere cyane mu myaka icumi ishize, cyane cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha.
Ubushakashatsi bwarebye amakuru ya bateri yavuye mu modoka zigera ku 15.000 zishobora kongera gukoreshwa hagati ya 2011 na 2023. Ibisubizo bigaragaza ko igipimo cy’ihindagurika rya bateri (kubera kwangirika aho kwibutsa) cyari kinini cyane mu myaka ya mbere (2011-2015) ugereranyije n’imyaka ya vuba aha (2016-2023).
Mu ntangiriro z’igihe imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi zari nke, zimwe muri izo modoka zagize ikibazo gikomeye cyo gucika intege kwa bateri, aho imibare yageze ku bipimo bitandukanye ku ijana. Isesengura ryerekana ko umwaka wa 2011 ari wo wari umwaka ukomeye mu gucika intege kwa bateri, aho umubare wageze kuri 7.5% hatabariwemo kwirukanwa. Imyaka yakurikiyeho, umubare w’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi wabaye hagati ya 1.6% na 4.4%, bigaragaza ko hari imbogamizi zikomeje kugaragara ku bakoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu guhura n’ibibazo bya bateri.
Ariko, IT House yabonye impinduka ikomeye kuva mu 2016, aho igipimo cyo gusimbuza bateri (usibye gusubiza inyuma) cyagaragaje ko hari aho ihindagurika ry’amashanyarazi rigaragara. Nubwo igipimo cyo gutsindwa kinini cyari kigeze kuri 0.5%, mu myaka myinshi hagaragaye igipimo kiri hagati ya 0.1% na 0.3%, bivuze ko hari iterambere rigaragara inshuro icumi.
Raporo ivuga ko ibibazo byinshi bikemuka mu gihe cy’ingwate y’uruganda. Iterambere mu buryo bateri zizewe riterwa n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka sisitemu zikora zo gukonjesha bateri zikoresha amazi, ingamba nshya zo gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri ndetse n’imiti mishya ya bateri. Uretse ibi, kugenzura ubuziranenge cyane nabyo bigira uruhare runini.
Urebye ubwoko bwihariye, Tesla Model S na Nissan Leaf bya mbere byasaga nkaho ari byo byari bifite igipimo cyo hejuru cy’ipfa rya batiri. Izi modoka ebyiri zari zikunzwe cyane icyo gihe mu gice cyo kuzikoresha, ari nabyo byatumye igipimo rusange cy’ipfa rya batiri kizamuka:
Tesla Model S yo mu 2013 (8.5%)
Tesla Model S yo mu 2014 (7.3%)
Tesla Model S yo mu 2015 (3.5%)
Nissan Leaf yo mu 2011 (8.3%)
Nissan Leaf yo mu 2012 (3.5%)
Amakuru y’ubushakashatsi ashingiye ku bitekerezo byatanzwe n’abafite imodoka bagera ku 15.000. Ni ngombwa kuvuga ko impamvu nyamukuru yatumye imodoka nini za Chevrolet Bolt EV / Bolt EUV na Hyundai Kona Electric zisubizwa mu rugo mu myaka ya vuba aha ari bateri za LG Energy Solution zari zifite ikibazo (ibibazo byo kuzikora).
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 25 Mata 2024
