Ku ya 26 Nyakanga, Guverinoma y’Ubudage yemeje uburyo bushya bw’ingamba z’ingufu za hydrogène y’igihugu, yizeye ko byihutisha iterambere ry’ubukungu bwa hydrogène bw’Ubudage kugira ngo bumufashe kugera ku ntego ya 2045 yo kutabogama kw’ikirere.
Ubudage burashaka kwagura ingufu za hydrogène nk’isoko ry’ingufu zizaza kugira ngo bigabanye ibyuka bihumanya ikirere biva mu nganda zangiza cyane nk’ibyuma n’imiti, no kugabanya gushingira ku bicanwa biva mu mahanga.Imyaka itatu irashize, muri kamena 2020, Ubudage bwasohoye bwa mbere ingamba z’ingufu za hydrogène ku rwego rwigihugu.
Icyatsi cya hydrogène kibisi cyikubye kabiri
Uburyo bushya bwo gusohora ingamba ni ukongera kuvugurura ingamba zambere, cyane cyane harimo iterambere ryihuse ry’ubukungu bwa hydrogène, imirenge yose izaba ifite amahirwe angana ku isoko rya hydrogène, hitabwa kuri hydrogène yangiza ikirere yose, kwaguka byihuse y'ibikorwa remezo bya hydrogène, ubufatanye mpuzamahanga Iterambere rindi, nibindi, kugirango hategurwe urwego rwibikorwa byo kubyara ingufu za hydrogène, ubwikorezi, gukoresha amasoko.
Icyatsi cya hydrogène kibisi gikomoka ku masoko y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nkizuba n’umuyaga, ni yo nkingi y’imigambi y’Ubudage bwo kwikuramo ibicanwa biva mu kirere mu gihe kiri imbere.Ugereranije n'intego yatanzwe mu myaka itatu ishize, guverinoma y'Ubudage yikubye kabiri intego yo kongera ingufu za hydrogène y’icyatsi mu ngamba nshya.Ingamba zivuga ko mu 2030, Ubudage bw’icyatsi kibisi cya hydrogène buzagera kuri 10GW kandi bugire igihugu “urugomero rw’amashanyarazi”.umuyobozi wambere utanga ikoranabuhanga ”.
Dukurikije ibiteganijwe, mu 2030, Ubudage bukenera hydrogène buzaba bugera kuri TWh 130.Iki cyifuzo gishobora no kugera kuri 600 TWh muri 2045 niba Ubudage bugomba kutagira aho bubogamiye.
Niyo mpamvu, nubwo intego y’amazi y’amashanyarazi yo mu gihugu yongerewe kugera kuri 10GW mu 2030, 50% kugeza 70% by’ibisabwa na hydrogène yo mu Budage bizakomeza kuboneka binyuze mu mahanga, kandi iki gipimo kizakomeza kwiyongera mu myaka mike iri imbere.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, guverinoma y'Ubudage ivuga ko irimo gukora ingamba zitandukanye zo gutumiza hydrogène.Byongeye kandi, hateganijwe kubaka umuyoboro w’ingufu za hydrogène ufite kilometero zigera ku 1.800 mu Budage guhera mu 2027-2028 binyuze mu kubaka cyangwa kuvugurura.
Minisitiri wungirije w’Ubudage akaba na Minisitiri w’ubukungu, Habeck, yagize ati: "Gushora imari muri hydrogène ni ugushora imari mu bihe biri imbere, mu kurengera ikirere, mu mirimo ya tekiniki no mu mutekano wo gutanga ingufu."
Komeza gushyigikira hydrogen y'ubururu
Mu ngamba zavuguruwe, guverinoma y'Ubudage irashaka kwihutisha iterambere ry’isoko rya hydrogène no “kuzamura cyane urwego rw’urwego rwose”.Kugeza ubu, inkunga leta itera inkunga yagarukiye gusa kuri hydrogène y'icyatsi, kandi intego iracyari “kugera ku isoko ryizewe rya hydrogène y'icyatsi kandi irambye mu Budage”.
Usibye ingamba zo kwihutisha iterambere ry’isoko mu bice byinshi (kwemeza ko hydrogène ihagije itangwa muri 2030, kubaka ibikorwa remezo bikomeye bya hydrogène no kuyishyira mu bikorwa, gushyiraho uburyo bunoze), ibyemezo bishya bireba kandi bireba inkunga ya leta ku buryo butandukanye bwa hydrogène.
Nubwo inkunga itaziguye y’ingufu za hydrogène yatanzwe mu ngamba nshya igarukira gusa ku gukora hydrogène y’icyatsi kibisi, ikoreshwa rya hydrogène ikomoka mu bicanwa biva mu kirere (bita hydrogène y’ubururu), imyuka ya gaze karuboni ifatwa ikabikwa, irashobora kandi kwakira inkunga ya leta..
Nkuko ingamba zibivuga, hydrogène mu yandi mabara nayo igomba gukoreshwa kugeza habonetse hydrogene ihagije.Mu rwego rw’amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Ukraine hamwe n’ikibazo cy’ingufu, intego y’umutekano w’ibicuruzwa yabaye iy'ingenzi kurushaho.
Hydrogen ikomoka ku mashanyarazi ashobora kuvugururwa igenda igaragara nk’umuti w’inganda nkinganda zikomeye n’indege hamwe n’ibyuka byangiza cyane mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirere.Biboneka kandi nkuburyo bwo kongera ingufu zamashanyarazi hamwe ninganda za hydrogène nkibisubizo mugihe cyibisekuru bito bishobora kuvugururwa.
Usibye impaka zo kumenya niba zashyigikira uburyo butandukanye bwo gukora hydrogène, urwego rwo gukoresha ingufu za hydrogène nabwo rwibanze ku biganiro.Ingamba za hydrogène zavuguruwe zivuga ko ikoreshwa rya hydrogène ahantu hatandukanye hagomba gukoreshwa.
Nyamara, inkunga yigihugu igomba kwibanda kubice aho gukoresha hydrogène “bisabwa rwose cyangwa ntayindi nzira”.Ingamba z’ingufu za hydrogène y’igihugu cy’Ubudage zita ku bishoboka ko hakoreshwa hydrogène y'icyatsi.Icyibandwaho ni uguhuza imirenge no guhindura inganda, ariko leta y’Ubudage nayo ishyigikiye ikoreshwa rya hydrogène mu rwego rwo gutwara abantu mu bihe biri imbere.Icyatsi cya hydrogène gifite imbaraga nyinshi mu nganda, mu zindi nzego zigoye kugeza kuri karubone nko gutwara indege n’ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja, ndetse n’ibiryo bitunganyirizwa imiti.
Izi ngamba zivuga ko kuzamura ingufu no kwihutisha kwagura ingufu z’amashanyarazi ari ngombwa kugira ngo intego z’ikirere z’Ubudage zigerweho.Yagaragaje kandi ko gukoresha mu buryo butaziguye amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi ari byiza cyane, nko mu binyabiziga by’amashanyarazi cyangwa pompe y’ubushyuhe, kubera igihombo cyayo cyo hasi ugereranije no gukoresha hydrogen.
Guverinoma yo mu Budage yavuze ko mu gutwara abantu n'ibintu, hydrogène ishobora gukoreshwa gusa mu binyabiziga biremereye by’ubucuruzi, mu gihe mu gushyushya bizakoreshwa “mu bihe byihariye”.
Iri vugurura ryerekana ingamba Ubudage bwiyemeje kandi bifuza guteza imbere ingufu za hydrogène.Ingamba zivuga neza ko mu 2030, Ubudage buzaba “isoko rikomeye rya tekinoroji ya hydrogène” kandi bigashyiraho urwego rw’iterambere ry’inganda zikomoka kuri hydrogène ku rwego rw’Uburayi ndetse n’amahanga, nk'uburyo bwo gutanga impushya, amahame ahuriweho na sisitemu yo gutanga ibyemezo, n'ibindi.
Impuguke mu bijyanye n’ingufu z’Abadage zavuze ko ingufu za hydrogène zikiri igice cy’ibura ry’ingufu zigezweho.Ntidushobora kwirengagizwa ko itanga amahirwe yo guhuza umutekano w’ingufu, kutabogama kw’ikirere no kuzamura irushanwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-08-2023
