Ni ubuhe bushobozi isoko rya PV ya Nijeriya ifite?
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko Nigeriya ikora gusa 4GW gusa yo gukoresha ubushobozi bwamashanyarazi yibinyabuzima byakaze hamwe nibikorwa bya hydropower. Bigereranijwe ko imbaraga zuzuye abantu miliyoni 200, igihugu gikeneye gushiraho ubushobozi bugera kuri 30GW.
Dukurikije ibigereranyo n'ikigo mpuzamahanga gisubirwamo (Irena), mu mpera za 2021, ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwa Sisitemu ya PhotoVoltaic ihujwe na gride muri Nijeriya zizaba 33mw. Mugihe igihugu cya Photovoltaic Irrade kuva kuri 1.5mwh / m² kugeza kuri 2.2mwh / m², kuki Nigeriya ikungahaye ku mashanyarazi ya Photovelultaic ariko agifite ubukene bw'ingufu? Ikigo mpuzamahanga gishinzwe ingufu rusange (Irena) kivuga ko kuri 2050, ibikoresho by'ingufu z'amashanyarazi bishobora guhura na 60% by'ingufu za Nijeriya.
Kugeza ubu, 70% by'amashanyarazi ya Nijeriya bitangwa n'ibimera bya peteroli y'ibimera, hamwe n'abasigaye benshi bava mu bigo bya hydroectric. Amasosiyete atanu atera imbere yiganje mu gihugu, hamwe na Nijeriya yoherereza muri Nijeriya, isosiyete yohereza muri Nijeriya, isosiyete yohereza, ishinzwe iterambere, gufata neza no kwagura urusobe rwo kohereza igihugu.
Isosiyete yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mu gihugu yamaze kwikorera abikorera ku giti cyabo, kandi amashanyarazi yakozwe mu isosiyete ishinzwe ubucuruzi bwa Nigeriya (NBET), umucuruzi w'amashanyarazi mu gihugu. Amasosiyete yo gukwirakwiza agura amashanyarazi mu mashanyarazi asinya amasezerano yo kugura amashanyarazi (PPAS) akayigurisha kubaguzi batanga amasezerano. Iyi miterere iremeza ko gutanga amasosiyete yakira igiciro cyingwate ku mashanyarazi uko byagenda kose. Ariko hariho ibibazo bimwe byingenzi nibi byanagize ingaruka kuri PhotoVelleTics murwego rwo kuvanga ingufu za Nigeriya.
Impungenge Zidasanzwe
Nijeriya yatsinze bwa mbere yaganiriye ku bigo bihujwe n'ingufu zingana na 2005, igihe igihugu cyazamutangiza "Icyerekezo 30:30:30". Gahunda igamije kugera ku ntego yo kwishyiriraho ibidukikije 32gwe n'ibisekuruza by'ibisekuruza by'ubutegetsi bitarenze 2030, 9GW muri byo bizaturuka ku bigirirwa by'ingufu zishobora kuvungwa, harimo na sisitemu ya PhotoVoltaic.
Nyuma yimyaka irenga 10, 14 Amashanyarazi Yigenga Amashanyarazi Yigenga Amaherezo yashyize umukono kumasezerano yo kugura amashanyarazi hamwe na sosiyete yubucuruzi bwa Nigeriya (Nbet). Kuva muri guverinoma ya Nijeriya kuva mu giciro cyikibazo (bikwiye) kugirango abatoranijwe bakurube abashoramari. Igishimishije, nta numwe muri iyi mishinga yambere ya PV yatewe inkunga kubera politiki idashidikanywaho no kubura ibikorwa remezo bya gride.
Ikibazo cyingenzi nuko leta yahinduye ibiciro byashizweho mbere kugirango igabanye ibiciro kugaburira ibiciro, bivuga kugabanuka kwa PV Module nkimpamvu. Ya 14 pv ippps 14 muri iki gihugu, babiri gusa ni bo bemeye kugabanuka mu giciro cyo kugaburira, mu gihe ibisigaye bivuga ko ibiciro biryoshye byari bike cyane ku buryo batari hasi cyane ku buryo atari muto cyane ku buryo atashoboraga kwemera.
Isosiyete ikora amashanyarazi yo muri Nijeriya (NBET) isaba kandi ingwate y'igice, amasezerano hagati yisosiyete nka Offtaker nigikorwa cyimari. Mu byingenzi, ni garanti yo gutanga amazi menshi muri Isosiyete yubucuruzi bwa Nigeriya (Nbet) igomba gukenera amafaranga, leta isabwa gutanga ibigo byubukungu. Hatariho iyi nyangwamvugo, PV Imps ntazashobora kugera ku bukungu. Ariko kugeza ubu guverinoma yirinze gutanga ingwate, igice kubera kutizeraga ku isoko ry'amashanyarazi, kandi ibigo by'imari byatumye bitanga ibyifuzo byo gutanga ingwate.
Ubwanyuma, abatanga inguzanyo kutizerana mumashanyarazi ya Nigeriya nabyo bikomoka kubibazo byibanze na gride, cyane cyane mubijyanye no kwizerwa no guhinduka. Niyo mpamvu abatanga inguzanyo n'abashinzwe umutekano bakeneye ubufasha bwo kurinda ishoramari ryabo, kandi ibikorwa remezo bya grid byo muri Nijeriya ntabwo bikorwa byizewe.
Politiki ya leta ya Nigeriya ya gahunda ya Photovoltaic nandi masoko yongerwa ni ishingiro ryo gutsinda ingufu zisukuye. Ingamba imwe ishobora gufatwa ni ugutanga isoko ryafashwe no kwemerera ibigo kugura amashanyarazi mu buryo butaziguye abatanga amashanyarazi. Ibi ahanini bikuraho gukenera amabwiriza y'ibiciro, bituma abatagize uruhare mu kwishyuza kugirango batuze kandi bahuze kubikora. Ibi byose bikuraho byinshi byinguzanyo zigoye bigomba gutera inkunga imishinga no kuzamura amazi.
Byongeye kandi, kuzamura ibikorwa remezo bya gride no kongera ubushobozi bwa slide ni urufunguzo, kugirango sisitemu ya PV ishobora guhuzwa na gride, bityo yongererane umutekano wingufu. Hano, na none, amabanki yiterambere ryinshi afite uruhare runini mugukina. Amashanyarazi ya FUEL yatejwe imbere kandi akomeza gukora kubera ingwate z'akaga zitangwa na banki zitera amabaniye. Niba ibi bishobora kongerwa kumasoko ya Pv yagaragaye muri Nijeriya, Bizamura iterambere no kwemeza sisitemu ya PV.
Igihe cya nyuma: Kanama-18-2023
