Module ya bateri ya lithium ni iki?

Incamake y'ibikoresho bya bateri

Module za bateri ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi. Akazi kabyo ni uguhuza utunyangingo twinshi twa bateri hamwe kugira ngo bibe byose hamwe kugira ngo bitange ingufu zihagije kugira ngo ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi bikore.

Module za bateri ni ibice bya bateri bigizwe n'uturemangingo twinshi twa bateri kandi ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi. Inshingano zabyo ni uguhuza uturemangingo twinshi twa bateri hamwe kugira ngo dukore ikintu cyose kugira ngo dutange ingufu zihagije ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi cyangwa ibikorwa byo kubika ingufu. Module za bateri si isoko y'amashanyarazi y'ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi gusa, ahubwo ni kimwe mu bikoresho byabyo by'ingenzi byo kubika ingufu.

Ivuka ry'ibikoresho bya bateri

Ukurikije uko inganda zikora imashini zibibona, bateri zikoresha imashini imwe zifite ibibazo nko kuba zidakora neza mu mikorere yazo ndetse no kuba zitameze neza mu mikorere yo hanze, cyane cyane:

1. Imiterere y'inyuma nk'ingano n'isura ntabwo ihamye, kandi izahinduka cyane uko ubuzima bugenda;

2. Kutagira uburyo bworoshye kandi bwizewe bwo gushyiraho no gutunganya ibikoresho;

3. Kutagira uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza ibicuruzwa n'uburyo bwo kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze;

4. Uburinzi buke bwa mekanike n'ubw'ubushyuhe.

Kubera ko bateri z’ingirabuzimafatizo imwe zifite ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, ni ngombwa kongeramo urwego rwo guhindura no kubikemura, kugira ngo bateri ibashe guteranywa no guhuzwa n’imodoka yose byoroshye. Iyi module igizwe na bateri nyinshi kugeza ku icumi cyangwa makumyabiri, ifite imiterere ihamye yo hanze, ikora neza kandi yizewe, ikora neza, ikora neza, kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo gukingira no kurinda ibyuma ni umusaruro w’ubu buryo busanzwe.

Moduli isanzwe iriho ubu ikemura ibibazo bitandukanye bya bateri kandi ifite ibyiza by'ingenzi bikurikira:

1. Ishobora gukora mu buryo bworoshye kandi ifite umusaruro mwiza cyane, kandi ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa n'ikiguzi cyo kubitunganya biroroshye kubigenzura;

2. Ishobora gukora urwego rwo hejuru rw’ubuziranenge, bifasha kugabanya cyane ikiguzi cy’umurongo w’umusaruro no kunoza imikorere myiza y’umusaruro; uburyo busanzwe bwo guhuza ibicuruzwa n’ibipimo bifasha mu ipiganwa ryuzuye ku isoko no guhitamo inzira ebyiri, kandi bigakomeza gukoresha neza uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa;

3. Kwizerwa cyane, bishobora gutanga uburinzi bwiza bwa mekanike n'ubw'ubushyuhe kuri bateri mu gihe cyose cy'ubuzima;

4. Ibiciro by'ibikoresho fatizo biri hasi cyane ntibizashyira igitutu kinini ku giciro cya nyuma cyo guteranya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi;

5. Agaciro gato k'imashini ishobora kubungabungwa ni gato ugereranyije, ibyo bikaba bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku kugabanya ikiguzi cya nyuma yo kugurisha.

Imiterere y'imiterere ya module ya bateri

Imiterere y'imashini ya bateri ubusanzwe ikubiyemo bateri, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, agasanduku ka bateri, umuhuza wa bateri n'ibindi bice. Bateri ni yo gice cy'ibanze cya bateri. Igizwe n'ibice byinshi bya bateri, akenshi bateri ya lithium-ion, ifite imiterere y'ingufu nyinshi, umuvuduko muto wo kwisohora no kumara igihe kirekire.

Uburyo bwo gucunga batiri buriho kugira ngo bufashe batiri mu mutekano, mu buryo bwizewe kandi burambe. Imirimo yayo y'ingenzi irimo kugenzura uko batiri ihagaze, kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa batiri, kurinda batiri kongera ingufu cyangwa gusohora umuriro mwinshi, n'ibindi.

Agasanduku ka bateri ni igisenge cy'inyuma cya module ya bateri, gikoreshwa mu kurinda module ya bateri ibidukikije byo hanze. Agasanduku ka bateri ubusanzwe gakozwe mu byuma cyangwa pulasitiki, gafite ubudahangarwa n'ingese, budahangarwa n'umuriro, budahangarwa n'ibiturika n'ibindi bintu.

Umuhuza wa bateri ni igice gihuza utunyangingo twinshi twa bateri mu buryo bwose. Ubusanzwe ikorwa mu bikoresho by'umuringa, ifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu neza, idasaza kandi irwanya ingese.

Ibipimo by'imikorere ya module ya bateri

Ubudahangarwa bw'imbere busobanura ubudahangarwa bw'amashanyarazi anyura muri bateri iyo bateri ikora, ibyo bikaba bigirwaho ingaruka n'ibintu nk'ibikoresho bya bateri, uburyo ikorwamo n'imiterere ya bateri. Igabanyijemo ubudahangarwa bw'imbere bwa ohmic na polarisation. Ubudahangarwa bw'imbere bwa ohmic bugizwe no kudahuza kw'ibikoresho bya electrode, electrolytes, diaphragms n'ibice bitandukanye; ubudahangarwa bw'imbere bwa polarization buterwa na polarisation y'amashanyarazi na polarisation y'itandukaniro ry'icyerekezo.

Ingufu zihariye - ingufu za batiri kuri buri ngano cyangwa uburemere.

Gukoresha ingufu no gusohora umuriro neza – igipimo cy'uburyo ingufu z'amashanyarazi zikoreshwa na bateri mu gihe cyo gushyushya zihinduka ingufu za shimi bateri ishobora kubika.

Voltage – itandukaniro rishoboka hagati ya electrode nziza na mbi za bateri.

Voltage y'urujya n'uruza: voltage ya bateri iyo nta circuit yo hanze cyangwa umutwaro wo hanze uhujwe. Voltage y'urujya n'uruza ifite isano runaka n'ubushobozi busigaye bwa bateri, bityo voltage ya bateri ikunze gupimwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubushobozi bwa bateri. Voltage ikora: itandukaniro rishoboka hagati ya electrodes nziza na negative za bateri iyo bateri iri mu gihe cyo gukora, ni ukuvuga iyo hari umuriro unyura muri circuit. Voltage yo gusohora: voltage igera kuri bateri imaze gusharijwa yuzuye kandi ikasohoka (niba gusharijwa ikomeje, izaba irimo umuriro mwinshi, byangiza ubuzima n'imikorere ya bateri). Voltage yo gusohora charge: voltage iyo power ihoraho ihinduka ikaba voltage ihoraho mu gihe cyo gusharijwa.

Igipimo cyo gushyushya no gusohora umuriro – sohora umuriro uhoraho kuri 1H, ni ukuvuga 1C. Niba bateri ya lithium ifite igipimo cya 2Ah, noneho 1C ya bateri ni 2A naho 3C ni 6A.

Guhuza kuri parallel – Ubushobozi bwa bateri bushobora kongerwa iyo uzihuza kuri parallel, kandi ubushobozi = ubushobozi bwa bateri imwe * umubare w'imiyoboro iringaniye. Urugero, module ya Changan 3P4S, ubushobozi bwa bateri imwe ni 50Ah, hanyuma ubushobozi bwa module = 50*3 = 150Ah.

Guhuza umurongo – Voltage ya bateri ishobora kongerwa iyo uyihujije mu murongo. Voltage = voltage ya bateri imwe * umubare w'imigozi. Urugero, module ya Changan 3P4S, voltage ya bateri imwe ni 3.82V, hanyuma voltage ya module = 3.82*4 = 15.28V.

Nk'igice cy'ingenzi mu modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi, module za bateri za lithium zifite uruhare runini mu kubika no kurekura ingufu z'amashanyarazi, gutanga ingufu, no gucunga no kurinda bateri. Zifite itandukaniro mu miterere, imikorere, imiterere n'ikoreshwa ryazo, ariko zose zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere n'ubwizerwe bw'imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Hamwe n'iterambere rihoraho ry'ikoranabuhanga no kwaguka kw'ikoreshwa ryazo, module za bateri za lithium zizakomeza gutera imbere no gutanga umusanzu munini mu guteza imbere no gukwirakwiza imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.